A Table of Named Genes within the HLA Region
| Gene | Previous Equivalent | Alignments | Description | Function | External Links |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HLA-A | - |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I α-chain | Presents peptide antigens to the immune system |
|
| HLA-B | - |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I α-chain | Involved in immune response by presenting intracellular antigens |
|
| HLA-C | - |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I α-chain | Presents peptides derived from intracellular proteins to cytotoxic T cells |
|
| HLA-E | E, 6.2 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I α-chain associated with HLA class I 6.2-kB Hind III fragment | Modulates the activity of natural killer cells |
|
| HLA-F | F, 5.4 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I α-chain associated with HLA class I 5.4-kB Hind III fragment | Plays a role in immune response and presenting antigenic peptides |
|
| HLA-G | G, 6.0 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I α-chain associated with HLA class I 6.0-kB Hind III fragment | Important for immune tolerance during pregnancy |
|
| HLA-H | H, AR, 12.4 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I pseudogene associated with 5.4-kB Hind III fragment | Presents peptides to the immune system and modulates immune responses |
|
| HLA-J | cda12 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I pseudogene associated with 5.9-kB Hind III fragment | Contributes to immune system function by presenting peptides to T cells |
|
| HLA-K | HLA-70 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I pseudogene associated with 7.0-kB Hind III fragment | Participates in the presentation of antigens to the immune system |
|
| HLA-L | HLA-92 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I pseudogene associated with 9.2-kB Hind III fragment | Plays a role in immune system regulation |
|
| HLA-N | HLA-30 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I gene fragment associated with a 1.7-kB Hind III fragment | Contributes to the immune response through antigen presentation |
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| HLA-P | HLA-90 | Genomic alignments | HLA class I gene fragment associated with 9.0-kB Hind III fragment | Involved in the modulation of immune responses |
|
| HLA-R | HLA-OLI |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I gene fragment | Associated with immune system function and antigen presentation |
|
| HLA-S | HLA-17 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I gene fragment associated with a 3.0-kB Hind III fragment | Contributes to the presentation of intracellular antigens |
|
| HLA-T | HLA-16 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I gene fragment associated with 16.0-kB Hind III fragment | Plays a role in the immune system's response to pathogens |
|
| HLA-U | HLA-40 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I gene fragment associated with 4.0-kB Hind III fragment | Affects immune response and antigen presentation |
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| HLA-V | HLA-15 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I gene fragment associated with 15.0-kB Hind III fragment | Participates in antigen presentation and immune system regulation |
|
| HLA-W | HLA-14 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I gene fragment associated with 14.0-kB Hind III fragment | Contributes to immune response through antigen presentation |
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| HLA-X | HLA-13 | HLA class I gene fragment associated with 13.0-kB Hind III fragment | Modulates immune response and antigen presentation |
|
|
| HLA-Y | HLA-12 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I gene fragment associated with 12.0-kB Hind III fragment | Contributes to immune system function through peptide presentation |
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| HLA-Z | HLA-11 | HLA class I gene fragment associated with 11.0-kB Hind III fragment | Participates in the regulation of immune responses |
|
|
| HLA-DRA | DRα |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DR α-chain | Involved in the presentation of peptides to T cells |
|
| HLA-DRB1 | DRβI, DR1B |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DR β1-chain determining specificities DR1, DR2, DR3, DR4, DR5 etc | Plays a critical role in presenting antigens to helper T cells |
|
| HLA-DRB2 | DRβII | Pseudogene with DR β-like sequences | Non-functional gene related to immune response |
|
|
| HLA-DRB3 | DRβIII, DR3B |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DR β3-chain determining DR52 and Dw24, Dw25, Dw26 specificities | Involved in antigen presentation and immune response |
|
| HLA-DRB4 | DRβIV, DR4B |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DR β4-chain determining DR53 | Plays a role in presenting antigens to T cells |
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| HLA-DRB5 | DRβIII |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DR β5-chain determining DR51 | Involved in immune system's ability to recognize foreign molecules |
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| HLA-DRB6 | DRBX, DRBσ | DRB pseudogene found on DR1, DR2 and DR10 haplotypes | Non-functional gene related to the DRB family |
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| HLA-DRB7 | DRBψ1 | DRB pseudogene found on DR4, DR7 and DR9 haplotypes | Non-functional gene related to the DRB family |
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| HLA-DRB8 | DRBψ2 | DRB pseudogene found on DR4, DR7 and DR9 haplotypes | Non-functional gene related to the DRB family |
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| HLA-DRB9 | M4.2 β exon | DRB pseudogene, isolated fragment | Non-functional gene fragment related to DRB |
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|
| HLA-DQA1 | DQα1, DQ1A |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DQ α-chain as expressed | Involved in presenting antigens to the immune system |
|
| HLA-DQB1 | DQβ1, DQ1B |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DQ β-chain as expressed | Works with DQα to present antigens to T cells |
|
| HLA-DQA2 | DXα, DQ2A |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DQ α-chain-related sequence | Related to antigen presentation, but not as widely expressed |
|
| HLA-DQB2 | DXβ, DQ2B |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DQ β-chain-related sequence | Related to immune function and antigen presentation |
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| HLA-DQB3 | DVβ, DQB3 | DQ β-chain-related sequence, not known to be expressed | Potentially involved in immune response |
|
|
| HLA-DOA | DZα, DOα, DNA |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DO α-chain | Involved in the regulation of MHC HLA class II expression |
|
| HLA-DOB | DOβ |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DO β-chain | Regulates the activity of other MHC HLA class II molecules |
|
| HLA-DMA | RING6 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DM α-chain | Involved in the processing and presentation of peptides by MHC HLA class II |
|
| HLA-DMB | RING7 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DM β-chain | Functions in peptide editing for MHC HLA class II presentation |
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| HLA-DPA1 | DPα1, DP1A |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DP α-chain as expressed | Works with DPβ to present peptides to the immune system |
|
| HLA-DPB1 | DPβ1, DP1B |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
DP β-chain as expressed | Crucial for the presentation of antigens to helper T cells |
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| HLA-DPA2 | DPα2, DP2A |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
DP α-chain-related pseudogene | Related to immune response, but not expressed |
|
| HLA-DPB2 | DPβ2, DP2B |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
DP β-chain-related pseudogene | Related to immune response, but not expressed |
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| HLA-DPA3 | DPA3 |
Coding alignments Genomic alignments |
DP α-chain-related pseudogene | Related to immune response, but not expressed |
|
| HFE | High Fe |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I-like gene | Regulates iron absorption in the body |
|
| TAP1 | ABCB2, RING4, Y3, PSF1 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
ABC (ATP Binding Cassette) transporter | Involved in peptide transport across the endoplasmic reticulum membrane |
|
| TAP2 | ABCB3, RING11, Y1, PSF2 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
ABC (ATP Binding Cassette) transporter | Works with TAP1 in antigen processing |
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| PSMB9 | LMP2, RING12 | Proteasome-related sequence | Involved in the degradation of proteins, essential for antigen processing |
|
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| PSMB8 | LMP7, RING10 | Proteasome-related sequence | Crucial for the production of peptides presented by MHC HLA class I |
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| MICA | MICA, PERB11.1 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I chain-related gene | Involved in the activation of natural killer cells and certain T cells |
|
| MICB | MICB, PERB11.2 |
Coding alignments Protein alignments Genomic alignments |
HLA class I chain-related gene | Works with MICA in immune response activation |
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| MICC | MICC, PERB11.3 | HLA class I chain-related pseudogene | Non-functional gene related to MICA/MICB |
|
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| MICD | MICD, PERB11.4 | HLA class I chain-related pseudogene | Non-functional gene related to MICA/MICB |
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| MICE | MICE, PERB11.5 | HLA class I chain-related pseudogene | Non-functional gene related to MICA/MICB |
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